Efflux pump mediated antibiotic resistance in clinical isolates of Helicobacter pylori from South West Nigeria.

Tolulope Funbi Jolaiya, Muinah Adenike Fowora, Charles Onyekwere, Rose Ugiagbe, Ifeanyi Ifeoma Agbo, Olufunmilayo Lesi, Dennis Amojuayi Ndububa, Olusegun Adekanle, Henry Akum Njom, Ayodeji Idowu, Isaac Adeyemi Adeleye, Moses Bamidele, Favour Ndidiamaka Ngoka, Pia Fiona Palamides, Stella Ifeanyi Smith

Abstract


Introduction

Helicobacter pylori is a spiral shaped gram negative bacterium majorly causing peptic ulcers and gastric cancer in humans. The combinations of two or more antibiotics such as amoxicillin, clarithromycin, metronidazole or tetracycline with anti-secretory agents or bismuth have been used successfully for the treatment of H. pylori.

Aim

Increasing antibiotic resistance has been a contributory factor to treatment failures; as such evaluation of resistance mechanism will improve the management of H. pylori infection.

Methodology

The antibiotic resistance in H. pylori isolates from Nigeria was determined using E-test strips from Biomerieux SA, France and PCR for the efflux pump gene detection.

Results

Resistance to metronidazole was found to be 93% (97/104), amoxicillin 42% (44/104), clarithromycin 39% (41/104) and tetracycline 27% (28/104). However 51% (53/104) of the isolates harboured multidrug efflux pump gene hefA (Hp605) and 34% (35/104) hefD (Hp 971). However, hefG (Hp 1327) was absent in all the isolates. There was significant association between clarithromycin resistance and hefA with p-value 0.014, there was also association between amoxicillin resistance and hefD with p-value 0.004.

Conclusion

The present study revealed that H. pylori antibiotic resistance is on the increase in Nigerian strains and the mechanism of resistance may possibly include the possession of multidrug efflux pump.

 


Keywords


Helicobacter pylori; E-test; Resistance; Efflux pump

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